Obesity in Children - Causes and Treatment

Childhood obesity is one of the most serious public health challenges of the 21st century. 

It is no longer a symptom but a disease. It’s a core associate for pre-mature mortality. The problem is global and is steadily affecting many low- and middle-income countries, particularly in urban settings.

What are the Causes?

The main causes behind the rising levels of childhood obesity is a shift in diet towards increased intake of energy-dense foods that are high in fat and sugars but low in vitamins, minerals and other healthy micronutrients, and a trend towards decreased levels of physical activity.                                                            

What are the complications of obesity 

• - Type 2 diabetes
• - High blood pressure and elevated blood cholesterol
• - Liver disease
• - Bone and joint problems
• - Respiratory problems such as asthma
• - Sleep disorders such as difficulty breathing while asleep (sleep apnea)
• - Earlier than normal puberty or menstruation
• - Eating disorders such as anorexia or bulimia

What is the treatment 

 1. Ensure adequate sleep

Too little sleep is associated with obesity. Children need more sleep than adults, and the amount varies by age. 

 2. Reduce sedentary time & Encourage Physical activity 

Although quiet time for reading and homework is fine, limit the time children watch television, play video games, or surf the web to no more than 2 hours per day. Encourage child for outdoor activities – Walking, running & sports.

3. Develop healthy eating habits

• - Provide plenty of vegetables, fruits, and whole-grain products.
• - Include low-fat or non-fat milk or dairy products.
• - Choose lean meats, poultry, fish, lentils, and beans for protein.
• - Encourage child to drink lot of water and limit sugary drinks
• - Limit consumption of saturated fat. 
• - Limit calorie-rich temptations